milton brown



J. M. BROWN. Telegraphic Relay.

Patented Sept. 17, 1867.

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J. MILTON BROWN, OF AUBURN, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 68,838, dated September 17, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN TELEGRAPH APPARATUS.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN: v

Be'it known that I, MILTON BROWN, of Auburn, in the county of Cayuga,and in the State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Telegraphs; and do hereby declare that the following isa full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being bad to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

In the annexed drawings, making part of this specification,AA'represents an electro-magnet, and B B the relay magnet. F and 0represent the armatures of these magnets. The main battery of the lineis seen in Figure 4, the telegraphic key is seen in Figure 5, and thebattery of the sounder and el'ectro-magnet A in Figure 6. Figure 7represents the sounder when the old sounder is used.

This machine operates as follows: The current being closed around thereceiving-magnet B B, the armature C, with its lever D, is drawn upagainst the set-screw E, at which point connection is made entire aroundthe back magnet A A. But the armature G being very near thereceiving-magnet B B cannot be torn therefrom,

as the magnet A A operates on its armature F at a distance. This followsfrom the law that a magnet acts with a power inversely as the square ofthe distance. When the current is broken around the receiving-magnet B Bthe acting magnetism of A A overcomes the residual magnetism of B B, soas to draw the armature C from the receiving-magnet B B. At the samemoment connection is broken around A A, but the inertia of D carries itto the set-screw H, in which position it is held by the residualmagnetism of A A. The screw G serves to regulate the attractive force ofA A by moving said magnet A A nearer to or farther from its armature F.I am aware of a patent being issued March 4, 1862, to G. B. Hicks, inwhich a magnet in a position similar to that of A A acts in lieu of aspring for the lever D, but in that the electro-magnetism of A Aoperates on the lever D during its whole passage backward and forwardbetween the screws E and H, (the magnet A A being short-circuited when Dtouches H.) But in my improvement the electro-magnetism of A A is inoperation at no other time than when the armature D touches theset-screw E. The screw G is used to regulate the electromagnet A, and isonly used to obtain a new'temperament of the instrument after it hasbeen changed from its place on the table or to another table. Thetwo'electro-magnets may be at the same or diiTerent heights but operateon different armatures. H represents the back abutting-screw, which hassecured inor upon its end a piece, I, of ivory, gutta percha, wood, orother non-conducting material, for the purpose of preventing a completecircuit around the electro-magnet A when the lever I) strikes the end ofsaid screw. I make, by the arrangement herein represented, a relay thatoperates through all changes of weather and electricity without beingadjusted or altered in the least. It is therefore a great saving of thetime and patience of the operator, and causes more accuracy intelegraphic dispatches.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is I The combination and arrangementof the electro-magnets BB, excited by the current of the main line, withthe electro-magnets A A, excited by a local current traversing thearmature lever D, contact point E, and pillar I, as and for the purposeset forth. In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto setmy hand and seal this 13th day of May, 1867.

J. MILTON BROWN.

Witnesses:

Jason M. BROWN, Homes '1. COOK.

